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书名：	Introduction to Particle Technology
作者：	Rhodes, Martin J.
出版时间：	2008-04-15
ISBN：	9780470014288(P-ISBN) ，9780470727119(O-ISBN)
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书目详情：

Introduction to Particle Technology Contents About the Contributors Preface to the Second Edition Preface to the First Edition Introduction 1 Particle Size Analysis 1.1 INTRODUCTION 1.2 DESCRIBING THE SIZE OF A SINGLE PARTICLE 1.3 DESCRIPTION OF POPULATIONS OF PARTICLES 1.4 CONVERSION BETWEEN DISTRIBUTIONS 1.5 DESCRIBING THE POPULATION BY A SINGLE NUMBER 1.6 EQUIVALENCE OF MEANS 1.7 COMMON METHODS OF DISPLAYING SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS 1.7.1 Arithmetic-normal Distribution 1.7.2 Log-normal Distribution 1.8 METHODS OF PARTICLE SIZE MEASUREMENT 1.8.1 Sieving 1.8.2 Microscopy 1.8.3 Sedimentation 1.8.4 Permeametry 1.8.5 Electrozone Sensing 1.8.6 Laser Diffraction 1.9 SAMPLING 1.10 WORKED EXAMPLES TEST YOURSELF EXERCISES 2 Single Particles in a Fluid 2.1 MOTION OF SOLID PARTICLES IN A FLUID 2.2 PARTICLES FALLING UNDER GRAVITY THROUGH A FLUID 2.3 NON-SPHERICAL PARTICLES 2.4 EFFECT OF BOUNDARIES ON TERMINAL VELOCITY 2.5 FURTHER READING 2.6 WORKED EXAMPLES TEST YOURSELF EXERCISES 3 Multiple Particle Systems 3.1 SETTLING OF A SUSPENSION OF PARTICLES 3.2 BATCH SETTLING 3.2.1 Settling Flux as a Function of Suspension Concentration 3.2.2 Sharp Interfaces in Sedimentation 3.2.3 The Batch Settling Test 3.2.4 Relationship Between the Height–Time Curve and the Flux Plot 3.3 CONTINUOUS SETTLING 3.3.1 Settling of a Suspension in a Flowing Fluid 3.3.2 A Real Thickener with Upflow and Downflow Sections)3.3.3 Critically Loaded Thickener 3.3.4 Underloaded Thickener 3.3.5 Overloaded Thickener 3.3.6 Alternative Form of Total Flux Plot 3.4 WORKED EXAMPLES TEST YOURSELF EXERCISES 4 Slurry Transport 4.1 INTRODUCTION 4.2 FLOW CONDITION 4.3 RHEOLOGICAL MODELS FOR HOMOGENEOUS SLURRIES 4.3.1 Non-Newtonian Power-law Models 4.3.2 Pressure Drop Prediction for Slurries Exhibiting Power-law Rheology 4.3.3 Non-Newtonian Yield Stress Models 4.3.4 Pressure Drop Prediction for Slurries Exhibiting Bingham Plastic Rheology 4.4 HETEROGENEOUS SLURRIES 4.4.1 Critical Deposition Velocity 4.5 COMPONENTS OF A SLURRY FLOW SYSTEM 4.5.1 Slurry Preparation 4.5.2 Pumps 4.5.3 Pipeline 4.5.4 Slurry De-watering 4.6 FURTHER READING 4.7 WORKED EXAMPLES TEST YOURSELF EXERCISES 5 Colloids and Fine Particles 5.1 INTRODUCTION 5.2 BROWNIAN MOTION 5.3 SURFACE FORCES 5.3.1 van der Waals Forces 5.3.2 Electrical Double Layer Forces 5.3.3 Adsorbing Polymers, Bridging and Steric Forces 5.3.4 Other Forces 5.3.5 Net Interaction Force 5.4 RESULT OF SURFACE FORCES ON BEHAVIOUR IN AIR AND WATER 5.5 INFLUENCES OF PARTICLE SIZE AND SURFACE FORCES ON SOLID/LIQUID SEPARATION BY SEDIMENTATION 5.5.1 Sedimentation Rate 5.5.2 Sediment Concentration and Consolidation 5.6 SUSPENSION RHEOLOGY 5.7 INFLUENCE OF SURFACE FORCES ON SUSPENSION FLOW 5.7.1 Repulsive Forces 5.7.2 Attractive Forces 5.8 NANOPARTICLES 5.9 WORKED EXAMPLES TEST YOURSELF EXERCISES 6 Fluid Flow Through a Packed Bed of Particles 6.1 PRESSURE DROP–FLOW RELATIONSHIP 6.1.1 Laminar Flow 6.1.2 Turbulent Flow 6.1.3 General Equation for Turbulent and Laminar Flow 6.1.4 Non-spherical Particles 6.2 FILTRATION 6.2.1 Introduction 6.2.2 Incompressible Cake 6.2.3 Including the Resistance of the Filter Medium 6.2.4 Washing the Cake 6.2.5 Compressible Cake 6.3 FURTHER READING 6.4 WORKED EXAMPLES TEST YOURSELF EXERCISES 7 Fluidization 7.1 FUNDAMENTALS 7.2 RELEVANT POWDER AND PARTICLE PROPERTIES 7.3 BUBBLING AND NON-BUBBLING FLUIDIZATION 7.4 CLASSIFICATION OF POWDERS 7.5 EXPANSION OF A FLUIDIZED BED 7.5.1 Non-bubbling Fluidization 7.5.2 Bubbling Fluidization 7.6 ENTRAINMENT 7.7 HEAT TRANSFER IN FLUIDIZED BEDS 7.7.1 Gas–Particle Heat Transfer 7.7.2 Bed–Surface Heat Transfer 7.8 APPLICATIONS OF FLUIDIZED BEDS 7.8.1 Physical Processes 7.8.2 Chemical Processes 7.9 A SIMPLE MODEL FOR THE BUBBLING FLUIDIZED BED REACTOR 7.10 SOME PRACTICAL CONSIDERATIONS 7.10.1 Gas Distributor 7.10.2 Loss of Fluidizing Gas 7.10.3 Erosion 7.10.4 Loss of Fines 7.10.5 Cyclones 7.10.6 Solids Feeders 7.11 WORKED EXAMPLES TEST YOURSELF EXERCISES 8 Pneumatic Transport and Standpipes 8.1 PNEUMATIC TRANSPORT 8.1.1 Dilute Phase and Dense Phase Transport 8.1.2 The Choking Velocity in Vertical Transport 8.1.3 The Saltation Velocity in Horizontal Transport 8.1.4 Fundamentals 8.1.5 Design for Dilute Phase Transport 8.1.6 Dense Phase Transport 8.1.7 Matching the System to the Powder 8.2 STANDPIPES 8.2.1 Standpipes in Packed Bed Flow 8.2.2 Standpipes in Fluidized Bed Flow 8.2.3 Pressure Balance During Standpipe Operation 8.3 FURTHER READING 8.4 WORKED EXAMPLES TEST YOURSELF EXERCISES 9 Separation of Particles from a Gas: Gas Cyclones 9.1 GAS CYCLONES–DESCRIPTION 9.2 FLOW CHARACTERISTICS 9.3 EFFICIENCY OF SEPARATION 9.3.1 Total Efficiency and Grade Efficiency 9.3.2 Simple Theoretical Analysis for the Gas Cyclone Separator 9.3.3 Cyclone Grade Efficiency in Practice 9.4 SCALE-UP OF CYCLONES 9.5 RANGE OF OPERATION 9.6 SOME PRACTICAL DESIGN AND OPERATION DETAILS 9.6.1 Effect of Dust Loading on Efficiency 9.6.2 Cyclone Types 9.6.3 Abrasion 9.6.4 Attrition of Solids 9.6.5 Blockages 9.6.6 Discharge Hoppers and Diplegs 9.6.7 Cyclones in Series 9.6.8 Cyclones in Parallel 9.7 WORKED EXAMPLES TEST YOURSELF EXERCISES 10 Storage and Flow of Powders –Hopper Design 10.1 INTRODUCTION 10.2 MASS FLOW AND CORE FLOW 10.3 THE DESIGN PHILOSOPHY 10.3.1 Flow–No Flow Criterion 10.3.2 The Hopper Flow Factor, ff 10.3.3 Unconfined Yield Stress, sy 10.3.4 Powder Flow Function 10.3.5 Critical Conditions for Flow 10.3.6 Critical Outlet Dimension 10.3.7 Summary 10.4 SHEAR CELL TEST 10.5 ANALYSIS OF SHEAR CELL TEST RESULTS 10.5.1 Mohr’s Circle – in Brief 10.5.2 Application of Mohr’s Circle to Analysis of the Yield Locus 10.5.3 Determination of sy and sc 10.5.4 Determination of d from Shear Cell Tests 10.5.5 The Kinematic Angle of Friction between Powder and Hopper Wall,10.5.6 Determination of the Hopper Flow Factor, ff 10.6 SUMMARY OF DESIGN PROCEDURE 10.7 DISCHARGE AIDS 10.8 PRESSURE ON THE BASE OF A TALL CYLINDRICAL BIN 10.9 MASS FLOW RATES 10.10 CONCLUSIONS 10.11 WORKED EXAMPLES TEST YOURSELF EXERCISES 11 Mixing and Segregation 11.1 INTRODUCTION 11.2 TYPES OF MIXTURE 11.3 SEGREGATION 11.3.1 Causes and Consequences of Segregation 11.3.2 Mechanisms of Segregation 11.4 REDUCTION OF SEGREGATION 11.5 EQUIPMENT FOR PARTICULATE MIXING 11.5.1 Mechanisms of Mixing 11.5.2 Types of Mixer 11.6 ASSESSING THE MIXTURE 11.6.1 Quality of a Mixture 11.6.2 Sampling 11.6.3 Statistics Relevant to Mixing 11.7 WORKED EXAMPLES TEST YOURSELF EXERCISES 12 Particle Size Reduction 12.1 INTRODUCTION 12.2 PARTICLE FRACTURE MECHANISMS 12.3 MODEL PREDICTING ENERGY REQUIREMENT AND PRODUCT SIZE DISTRIBUTION 12.3.1 Energy Requirement 12.3.2 Prediction of the Product Size Distribution 12.4 TYPES OF COMMINUTION EQUIPMENT 12.4.1 Factors Affecting Choice of Machine 12.4.2 Stressing Mechanisms 12.4.3 Particle Size 12.4.4 Material Properties 12.4.5 Carrier Medium 12.4.6 Mode of Operation 12.4.7 Combination with other Operations 12.4.8 Types of Milling Circuit 12.5 WORKED EXAMPLES TEST YOURSELF EXERCISES 13 Size Enlargement 13.1 INTRODUCTION 13.2 INTERPARTICLE FORCES 13.2.1 van der Waals Forces 13.2.2 Forces due to Adsorbed Liquid Layers 13.2.3 Forces due to Liquid Bridges 13.2.4 Electrostatic Forces 13.2.5 Solid Bridges 13.2.6 Comparison and Interaction between Forces 13.3 GRANULATION 13.3.1 Introduction 13.3.2 Granulation Rate Processes 13.3.3 Simulation of the Granulation Process 13.3.4 Granulation Equipment 13.4 WORKED EXAMPLES TEST YOURSELF EXERCISES 14 Health Effects of Fine Powders 14.1 INTRODUCTION 14.2 THE HUMAN RESPIRATORY SYSTEM 14.2.1 Operation 14.2.2 Dimensions and Flows 14.3 INTERACTION OF FINE POWDERS WITH THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM 14.3.1 Sedimentation 14.3.2 Inertial Impaction 14.3.3 Diffusion 14.3.4 Interception 14.3.5 Electrostatic Precipitation 14.3.6 Relative Importance of These Mechanisms Within the Respiratory Tract 14.4 PULMONARY DELIVERY OF DRUGS 14.5 HARMFUL EFFECTS OF FINE POWDERS TEST YOURSELF EXERCISES 15 Fire and Explosion Hazards of Fine Powders 15.1 INTRODUCTION 15.2 COMBUSTION FUNDAMENTALS 15.2.1 Flames 15.2.2 Explosions and Detonations 15.2.3 Ignition, Ignition Energy, Ignition Temperature – a Simple Analysis 15.2.4 Flammability Limits 15.3 COMBUSTION IN DUST CLOUDS 15.3.1 Fundamentals Specific to Dust Cloud Explosions 15.3.2 Characteristics of Dust Explosions 15.3.3 Apparatus for Determination of Dust Explosion Characteristics 15.3.4 Application of the Test Results 15.4 CONTROL OF THE HAZARD 15.4.1 Introduction 15.4.2 Ignition Sources 15.4.3 Venting 15.4.4 Suppression 15.4.5 Inerting 15.4.6 Minimize Dust Cloud Formation 15.4.7 Containment 15.5 WORKED EXAMPLES TEST YOURSELF EXERCISES 16 Case Studies 16.1 CASE STUDY 1 16.2 CASE STUDY 2 16.3 CASE STUDY 3 16.4 CASE STUDY 4 16.5 CASE STUDY 5 16.6 CASE STUDY 6 16.7 CASE STUDY 7 16.8 CASE STUDY 8 Notation References Index

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