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书名：	Airliner Cabin Environment : Air Quality and Safety
作者：	National Research Council Staff
出版时间：	1985-12-01
ISBN：	9780309036900(P-ISBN) ，9780309542593(O-ISBN)
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摘要：

书目详情：

The Airliner Cabin Environment Copyright Preface Acknowledgments Contents Executive Summary CABIN AIR QUALITY Carbon Dioxide Humidity Ozone Environmental Tobacco Smoke Aerosols Cabin Environment EMERGENCY SITUATIONS AND PROCEDURES WORLDWIDE AIRLINE REGULATIONS FEASIBILITY OF DATA COLLECTION Introduction STRUCTURE OF REPORT PROBLEMS IN STUDYING AIRLINER CABIN AIR QUALITY PROBLEMS IN STUDYING THE HEALTH EFFECTS ASSOCIATED WITH AIRLINER CABIN AIR QUALITY REFERENCES 1 Profile of Commercial Air Travel PASSENGERS FLIGHT ATTENDANTS AND FLIGHT CREW THE U.S. AIRLINE INDUSTRY FAA DATA ON SELECTED INCIDENTS REFERENCES 2 Environmental Control Systems on Commercial Passenger Aircraft DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL SYSTEMS Compressed-Air Sources The Environmental Control Unit Air Distribution Exhaust Systems Recirculation Systems Temperature Control Pressure Control PERFORMANCE OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL SYSTEMS Load Factors EFFECT OF VENTILATION ON TOTAL CABIN ENVIRONMENT Ventilation and Contamination Air Velocity and Cabin Flow Patterns Relative Humidity Ozone Effect of Recirculation on Contamination Cost of Ventilation REFERENCES 3 Standards, Regulations, and Industry Practices U.S. REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS Ventilation Ozone Fires Depressurization Medical Emergencies Ditching and Evacuation Additional Passenger Briefings FOREIGN REGULATIONS INDUSTRY OPERATING PROCEDURES FAA INVESTIGATION AND ENFORCEMENT Investigation of Violations Enforcement Actions Review and Appeal Effectiveness and Adequacy of FAA Inspection and Enforcement ADEQUACY AND EFFICACY OF PASSENGER SAFETY INFORMATION Factors Influencing Passenger Emergency Behavior Attention, Comprehension, and Recall under Stress Improving Passenger Safety Briefings OVERVIEW REFERENCES 4 Air Quality in Emergency Situations ONBOARD FIRES Inhibiting Ignition Materials Testing and Selection Smoke Detection and Firefighting Removal of Toxic Fumes Individual Smoke and Fume Protection Emergency Escape Passenger Safety Briefings DEPRESSURIZATION CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS REFERENCES 5 Cabin Air Pollutants: Sources and Exposures OZONE Ozone in Commercial Aircraft Cabins Health Effects of Ozone under High-Altitude Conditions Groups at Increased Risk of Health Effects Recommendations COSMIC RADIATION Characteristics of Cosmic Radiation Exposure of Passengers and Crew Radiation Exposure in Aircraft and from Other Natural Sources Groups at Increased Risk of Health Effects GROUND FUMES ENVIRONMENTAL TOBACCO SMOKE Aircraft Ventilation and Smoke Concentrations Concentrations of ETS Constituents Measured on Aircraft Standards for Other Environments Exposure to ETS on Airliners Health Effects in Airplanes Health Effects in Other Environments Groups at Increased Risk Prevention of Exposure to ETS Summary BIOLOGIC AEROSOLS Types of Biologic Pollutants Possible in Aircraft Sources of Biologic Pollutants Factors Affecting Airborne Concentrations of Biologic Pollutants and their Health Effects Airborne Concentrations Necessary to Cause Health Effects or Discomfort Available Data Available Predictive Data from Other Sources Available Data on Aircraft Conclusions and Recommendations RELATIVE HUMIDITY Aircraft Ventilation and Relative Humidity Measured Relative Humidity in Aircraft Standards for Other Environments Effects of Low Relative Humidity on Passengers and Crew Reported Health Effects of Low Relative Humidity in Other Environments Summary PRESSURIZATION CARBON DIOXIDE OTHER POTENTIAL EXPOSURES REFERENCES 6 Health Effects Associated with Exposure to Airliner Cabin Air HEALTH EFFECTS OF CONCERN Irritation and Inflammation Infection Respiratory Impairment Cardiovascular Effects Neoplasms Reproductive Disorders Miscellaneous Summary MONITORING AND SURVEILLANCE OF CREW AND PASSENGER HEALTH Pilots Flight Attendants and Passengers FAA Surveillance Activities GROUPS AT INCREASED RISK REFERENCES 7 Desirability and Feasibility of Additional Data Collection GENERAL CONCEPTS AND APPROACHES MEASURES OF AIRLINER CABIN AIR QUALITY MEASURES OF HEALTH EFFECTS OTHER SUBJECTS REFERENCES Appendix A A Computer Model for Assessing Airliner Cabin Air Quality CONCEPTUAL DEVELOPMENT MATHEMATICAL DEVELOPMENT OPERATING PROCEDURES SIMULATING AIRLINER AIR QUALITY REFERENCES Appendix B Selected Material from the FAA Accident/Incident Data System Appendix C Airliner Cabin Safety Regulations and Standards REFERENCES Glossary

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